Measure.



J. R. CARROLL.

MEASURE.

APPLIOATION IILEI) JAN. 10, 1907 Patented June 29, 1909.

In: NcRRls PETERS ca. wusmncwu, n c

JOHN REID CARROLL, OF WEST HOBOKEN, NEW JERSEY.

MEASURE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 29, 1909.

Application filed January 10, 1907. Serial No. 351,675.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J onN Rum CARROLL, a citizen of the United States,residing in West Hoboken, Hudson county, State of New Jersey, haveinvented a new and us"- t'ul Improvement in Measuring Instruments; and Ido hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the in vention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to the utilization of a circle and a series ofarcs of concentric annuli as an accurate and instantaneous means ofobtaining dimensional measurements.

The novel construction of my invention enables minute measurements to bereadily obtained, and to still further enhance its usefulness in thisrespect a series of steps may be cut along the outer edges of thecamshaped plate, as hereafter fully specified.

I am aware that a patent was issued on October 13, 1903, No. 741,146,for a gage containing similar steps to mine, the two sides of the toolcontaining similar serrations, as a means of measuring, but I am notaware that the combination of a series of" steps with a circular basehave been used together.

Another object of my invention is to make a gage capable of producingany required measure on all devices and implements in which accurateadjustments are necessary.

To the ends and objects mentioned my invention consists of certaindevices, combinations of parts and features oi construction, all ofwhich will be hereafter l'ully described and particularly pointed out inthe concluding claims.

In the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is ageometrical plan of my invention, showing the circle, the portions ofarcs of concentric annuli and the steps, and obtaining the interior andexterior dimensions of two cylindrical objects. Fig. 2 is an end view ofFig. 1, the cylinder Y being removed. Fig. 3 shows the two stepped sidesof the measure with the superfluous intermediate part removed, and thetwo sides pivoted together at the center a. Fig. 4 is an edge view ofFig. 3. Fig. 5 is a erspective view of a sliding linger or aving ste son one end to engage with the steps of t e measure.

Fig. 6 is another form of sliding linger having one end made to engagewith steps of the measure. Figs. 7 and 8 show the gage as it is used insetting ilinger or sliding gage on devices whore "dimcnsions arerequired. Fig. 9 is an edge view of the gage as seen in the position ofthe shadow I) 1), showing the means of pivotal fastening.

As shown in the drawing (Fig. 1) a series of arcs of concentric ringsproject on a camshaped plate, from one complete center circlc, thecomplete circle forming the base of the instrument and being cut out allaround its circumference, with the exception of the portion from whichthe plate projects, the whole forming a cam having its lateral edges inthe general form of spiral-like curves. Along the edges and between eachtwo adjacent arcs an angular step may be formed, one side of the anglebeing formed by a portion of a certain radial line of the center circlea, extending from one are to the next adjacent one. The other side ofthe angle being formed by a portion of the adjacent one of the arcs.This repeated between each two adjacent arcs. in practice these stepsmay be made right angles, the curved graduation mark being acontinuation of the are side of the angle.

To obtain a measurement with this gage it is necessary to understand thepeculiar relation of the circular base (1 to the various steps I) andI). In Fig. 1 the various broken lines are numbered respectively d andd; another line is nun'ibcrcd 1, 2 and 3 along its length. In measuringthe inside diameter of a hollow circle it will be observed (Fig. 1) thatthe gage is inserted inside the cylinder Y with the circle a touchingone side of the inner part of the tube. Zero is not, as might besupposed, in the center of (1 but at its circumlerencc.

1, 2 and 3 represent various dimensions on the gage. Zero from 3 is apoint on the circumference of a indicated by 1 when using the 6 side ofthe measure. For example, suppose a to be thrcc-cighths of an inch indiameter, and the various steps one-sixteenth of an inch in height. Fromthe point on (1-, indicated by the broken line, to the step 3 wouldbe:-Diametor of (1 1 1 steps 1?,- ins. In the measurement of thecylinder Z, (1-, being on the outside of the cyliinler, it is notincluded in the measurement, therefore from a to b is 23 steps, 1, ins.Therefore from 1 in determining dimensions or a minute materiai.

re measure, takto 2 is 8 steps, 3,- inch. The cylinder Y, on the otherhand, having a on the inside, is 10 steps: 1 inch. So the broken line,(Z measures 30 steps 2% inches, but on the same broken line, on the 6side, a being omitted, the dimension would be 1 inch, and to (Z from a,2 inches. The having inches marked on both sides the foregoing Willexplain the difference between these fig ures on the I) and 5 sides ofthe ga 'e. The numerals on the Z) side include the diameter of a, thenumbers on the 6 side omit this di ameter.

In gages of a larger size than that shown the steps n Kt to a mightinterfere With direct alinement from the radial side of a distant stepthrough the center of a to its circumference. The circle a can beenlarged in proportion to the size of the measure, shown by the brokenline ring surrounding a, of course increasing its diametral value.

In Fi 3 shown a preferable form of using the measure. In this figure themeasure is shown with the superfluous intermeeiate part eliminated, andthe two sides Z) and 6 made of two separate pieces, the two circularbases (1 being pivotally joined, so that either side of the may be usedindependently. The pivot fastening may be made in any of the regularforms, such as shown in Fig. a, or other suitable method.

In fractional measurements confusion might be caused in measuring withthis gage, owing to the curved outline. To assist the every eralconstruction of my measuring gage and t line I its accompanyingparts i112.] haatn'g; gltEE (ll-kiss .53: rank v tiles: in

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ssiiianliy innin- 151i} are as in ite iaiil l ore x at vhis a; ,rnadnawhen u narci ls s J Li her ssirrlize al Bong; int liner anthl L 1 J 2)djacent to the opposite point on. said. ob-

, the indicating numerals Will give cordiameters, substantially asspecified.

In a measuring instrument a flat plate ing its lateral edges in thegeneral form 1 5 piral-like curves, the side of the plate .g providedWith a series of graduation ks, suitably numbered to denote theirensional relation to each other or to or end of the plate and having aseriesof 39 6a any one of the steps of the sliding gage. These gages aregenerally sustained by a set screw or similar means when rigidity isrequired. The slide moving on a track or similar device on the measuringgage.

On the sliding finger c the steps g out so that the sides of the stepsfit closely to the radials distant from a about tWo inches. The stepswill engage at any distance farther than tWo inches from a, because, thelarger the rings forming the arcs become and the portion of the areforming the step becoming a smaller fraction of the ring, the radialsapproach more and more to paralleling each other as they recede from (1,therefore they will engage close enough for practical purposes in allcases except When required to engage With the steps nearest to (1 and inthis case the center step on the sliding finger will always engage Withthe required step of the measure. The radial side of the measure side ofthe step offering the desired resistance when the radials from one areto the next one N M.-- .MNWMA 'i'y UULi vurrti actor u/ series v neednot necessarily engage closely, the arc.

of equal height to the steps on "the sliding may be made on the surl aceof tl as shown in 3 (1)). mg the same :emhlrinrchruu' 2030385 that lnthis drawing dimensions as in Fig. 1, i is ravxn toreach the iirs.llifiwlissiar KtgiEiWiT-li'sVOIlE ill I nsessnreiironi t,.assstmeunn.

.re plirreli Alia; ;l :t anmg; tiniest stinntrn tr stand in swl su tsElgigss. i Zen ssinii n ggay e .tnuttirgg thee xrdlnarjr sseielepsneerflilyz .neellon the t slur y and; .g'ufdnls nvmnl' gilxilijmam-3wmm"?i Warmly 6), having an extension with a step or a series or aof steps on one end is designed to engage with set the steps of themeasure. In Fig. 7 the steps rect g on c is a better form than thesingle step, 2. q, in Fig. 8, though either may be used, since hav; theseries of steps (1 give a steadier resistance of s Where pressure may berequired. By movbein ing the measure Z) step by step in the direcmartion I) b as the curved arrow shows, the finger dim can be brought incontact with any series oreith curved longitudinal lines paralleling thecurved outline of the plate, these being crossed at intervals byportions of the concentric annuli, so that the instrument when placedinside a hollow object or outside any object and one of the graduationmarks being brought in line with or adjacent to one end of the object tobe measured, the indicating numbers will give correct diameters,substantially as specified.

3. In a measuring instrument a fiat plate having its lateral edges inthe general form of spiral-like curves, the side of the plate adjacentsuch edges being provided with a series of graduation marks, suitablynumbered to denote their dimensional relation to each other or to eitherend of the plate, having at one end a complete circle from which thecam-shaped plate projects, and having a series of curved longitudinallines paralleling the curved outline of the plate, these being crossedat intervals by portions of the concentric annuli, substantially asspecified.

4. In a measuring instrument a flat plate having its lateral edges inthe general form of spiral-like curves, the side of the plate beingprovided with a series of graduation marks suitably numbered to denotetheir dimensional relation to each other or to either end of the plate,having at one end a complete circle from which the cam-shaped plateprojects, the complete circle having a hole through its center to permitof pivotal sustainment, and having a series of curved longitudinal linesparalleling the curved outline of the plate, these being crossed atintervals by portions of the concentric annuli, substantially asspecified.

5. In a measuring instrument a flat plate having its lateral edges inthe general form of spiral-like curves, the side of the plate beingprovided with a series of graduation marks suitably numbered to denotetheir dimensional relation to each other or to either end of the plate,having at one end a complete circle, from which the cam-shaped plate proj ects, the circle having a hole through its contcr to permit of pivotalsustainment, and having a series of curved longitudinal linesparalleling the curved outline of the plate, these being crossed atintervals by portions of the concentric annuli, each are having betweenit and the next one adjoining an angular step, substantially asspecified.

6. In a measuring instrument a fiat plate having its lateral edges inthe general form of spiral-like curves, the side of the plate beingprovided with a series of graduation marks suitably numbered to denotetheir dimensional relation to each other or to either end of the plate,having at one end a complete circle from which the cam-sha ed plateprojects, the circle having a ho e through its center to permit ofpivotal sustainment, and having a series of curved longitudinal linesparalleling the curved outline of the plate, these being crossed atintervals by portions of the concentric annuli, each are having betweenit and the next one adjoining, along the curved edge of the plate, anangular step, in combination with a sliding gage having one end made toengage with the angular serrations on the cam-shaped measuringinstrument, substantially as specified.

7. In a measuring instrument a flat plate having its lateral edges inthe general form of spiral-like curves, the side of the plate beingprovided With a series of graduation marks suitably numbered to denotetheir dimensional relation to each other or to either end of the plate,having at one end a complete circle, from which the cam-shaped plateproj ects, the circle having a hole through its center to permit ofpivotal sustainment, and having a series of curved longitudinal linesparalleling the curved outline of the plate, these being crossed atintervals by portions of the concentric annuli, each are having betweenit and the next one adj acent, an angular step, in combination with asliding finger or gage having one end made to engage with the angularserrations on the side of the measuring instrument, and means of )ivotally and adjustably sustaining the s iding and measuring instrument incombination, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 4th day ofJanuary, 1907 in the presence of two attesting witnesses.

JOHN REID CARROLL.

Witnesses:

JOHN T. BROSNAN, EDWARD A. BYRNE.

Corrections in Letters Patent No. 926,688.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 926,688, granted June29, 1909, upon the application of John Reid Carroll, of West Hoboken,New Jersey, for an improvement in Measures, errors appear in the printedspecification requiring correction, as follows: Page 1, line 51, thereference-letter a should read a; line 110, the reference-letter bshould read I, and same line the number 1 should read 1 page 2, line 66,the words of the sliding gage should be stricken out, and the words onthe measuring gage be inserted instead; line 70, the words on themeasuring gage should be stricken out; line 78, the period should bestricken out and a comma inserted, and line 7st, the word The shouldcommence with a small t, thus making a continuous sentence; and that theproper corrections have been made in the files and records of the PatentOfiice, and are hereby made in said Letters Patent.

Signed and sealed this 24th day of August, A. D., 1909.

[SEAL] F. A. TENNANT,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

